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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 83: e0002, 2024. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529930

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O propósito deste estudo foi reportar as alterações oculares observadas após picada de abelha com ferrão retido na córnea. Destacamos o tratamento e o desfecho de uma lesão de córnea incomum e sua patogênese. Trata-se de relato de caso e revisão da literatura de lesões oculares por picada de abelha. Paciente do sexo feminino, 63 anos, procurou atendimento oftalmológico de urgência devido à picada de abelha na córnea do olho direito há 6 dias. Queixava-se de embaçamento visual, dor e hiperemia ocular. Apresentou acuidade visual de vultos no olho afetado. Ao exame, notaram-se hiperemia moderada de conjuntiva bulbar, edema corneano com dobras de Descemet e presença do ferrão alojado na região temporal, no estroma profundo da córnea. A paciente foi internada para ser abordada no centro cirúrgico sob anestesia geral. Durante a cirurgia, o ferrão teve que ser retirado via câmara anterior, mediante a realização de uma paracentese e uma lavagem da câmara anterior, com dupla via e solução salina balanceada. Ainda não existe na literatura um tratamento padrão na abordagem de pacientes com lesões oculares por picada de abelha, sendo importantes a identificação e o reconhecimento precoce de possíveis complicações que ameacem a visão.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to report the ocular changes observed after a bee sting with a stinger retained in the cornea. We show the treatment and outcome of an unusual corneal injury and its pathogenesis. This is a case report and literature review of ocular injuries caused by bee stings. A 63-year-old female patient sought emergency ophthalmic care because of a bee sting on the cornea of her right eye six days before. She complained of blurred vision, pain, and ocular hyperemia. She had glare sensitivity on visual acuity in the affected eye. Examination revealed moderate hyperemia of the bulbar conjunctiva, corneal edema with Descemet's folds and a stinger lodged in the temporal region, in the deep stroma of the cornea. The patient was admitted to the operating room under general anesthesia. During surgery, the stinger had to be removed via the anterior chamber, by performing a paracentesis and washing the anterior chamber with a double flushing and balanced saline solution. There is still no standard treatment in the literature for patients with eye injuries caused by bee stings, and early identification and recognition of possible sight-threatening complications is important.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Bee Venoms/adverse effects , Corneal Edema/etiology , Eye Foreign Bodies/complications , Corneal Injuries/etiology , Insect Bites and Stings/complications , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Corneal Edema/diagnosis , Corneal Edema/physiopathology , Iridocyclitis , Eye Foreign Bodies/surgery , Eye Foreign Bodies/diagnosis , Corneal Injuries/surgery , Corneal Injuries/diagnosis , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Gonioscopy , Insect Bites and Stings/surgery , Insect Bites and Stings/diagnosis
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 82: e0042, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1507882

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective Compare the thickness of conjunctival autografts in pterygium surgery using the Moscovici dissection technique with manual dissection and assess the difficulty of the techniques. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 30 eyes of 30 patients undergoing pterygium surgery were divided into the Moscovici Dissection Technique Group and the Manual Dissection Group. The patients were treated at the Hospital Oftalmológico Visão Laser (Santos, São Paulo, Brazil). Optical coherence tomography was performed to measure graft thickness three months postoperatively. Three images were obtained from each eye, and three measurements were taken at a distance of 1.5mm perpendicular to the limbus in each capture. The surgeon graded the difficulty of obtaining the graft with the technique performed from one (lowest difficulty) to four (highest difficulty). Results We found statistically significant difference between the difficulty of the two techniques and the mean conjunctival autograft thickness in the two groups (p=0.01 e p=0.05, respectively). The average difficulty rating for the Moscovici Dissection Technique Group (Air Group) was 1.47, while that for the Manual Dissection Group (MD group) was 2.20. The mean thickness of the three measurements was 252µ in the Air Group and 298µ in the MD Group, with medians of 250µ and 278µ, respectively. Conclusion Our study showed that the Moscovici technique results in thinner grafts and can be performed with greater surgical ease.


RESUMO Objetivo Comparar a espessura de autoenxertos conjuntivais em cirurgia de pterígio utilizando a técnica de dissecção de Moscovici com a de dissecção manual e avaliar a dificuldade das técnicas. Métodos Neste ensaio clínico randomizado, 30 olhos de 30 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de pterígio foram divididos em um Grupo de Técnica de Dissecção de Moscovici e um Grupo de Dissecção Manual. Os pacientes foram tratados e avaliados no Hospital Oftalmológico Visão Laser (Santos, São Paulo, Brasil). A tomografia de coerência óptica foi realizada para medir a espessura do enxerto 3 meses após a cirurgia. Três imagens foram obtidas de cada olho, e três medidas foram realizadas a uma distância de 1,5mm perpendicular ao limbo em cada captura. O cirurgião classificou a dificuldade de obtenção do enxerto com a técnica realizada de um (menor dificuldade) para quatro (maior dificuldade). Resultados Encontramos diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre a dificuldade das duas técnicas e a espessura média do autoenxerto conjuntival nos dois grupos (p=0,01 e p=0,05, respectivamente). A classificação média de dificuldade para o Grupo de Técnica de Dissecção de Moscovici foi de 1,47, enquanto a do Grupo de Dissecção Manual foi de 2,20. A espessura média das três medidas foi de 252μ no Grupo de Técnica de Dissecção de Moscovici e de 298μ no Grupo de Dissecção Manual, com medianas de 250μ e 278μ, respectivamente. Conclusão Nosso estudo mostrou que a técnica de Moscovici resulta em enxertos mais finos e pode ser realizada com maior facilidade cirúrgica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Transplantation, Autologous/methods , Pterygium/surgery , Conjunctiva/transplantation , Visual Acuity , Conjunctiva/pathology , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Autografts/pathology , Slit Lamp Microscopy , Intraocular Pressure
3.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0040, 2022. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1376790

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To describe a new accessible model of ophthalmological training using chicken eggs. Methods: With the aid of a spherical drill, the external calcified layer and the cuticle of the chicken eggshell were removed in a 2cm diameter circle. Using a video-magnification system, the film was dissected and cut to approximately 1.5 cm diameters. The film was removed and repositioned to make interrupted 12-0 nylon microsutures. The parameters analyzed were: cost, facility of acquisition and handling, time for making the model and the microsutures and number of possible uses. Results: In all simulators, it was possible to carry out separated and equidistant micro-sutures in the egg membrane, without the need for reintervention. Conclusion: The new chicken-egg model for ophthalmic surgery training is low-cost, easy to acquire and handle, and viable for the development of basic microsurgery skills.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever um novo modelo acessível de treinamento oftalmológico com ovo de galinha. Métodos: Com o auxílio de uma broca esférica, a camada calcificada externa e a cutícula da casca do ovo de galinha foram retiradas em um círculo 2 cm de diâmetro. Mediante um sistema de videomagnificação, a película foi dissecada e cortada em formato aproximado de 1,5 cm de diâmetro. A película foi removida e reposicionada para a confecção de microssuturas interrompidas com nylon 12-0. Os parâmetros analisados foram: custo, facilidade de aquisição e manuseio, tempo para confecção do modelo e para a confecção das microssuturas e número de utilizações possíveis. Resultados: Em todos os simuladores foi possível realizar microssuturas separadas e equidistantes na membrana do ovo, sem necessidade de reintervenção. Conclusão: O novo modelo com ovo de galinha para o treinamento de cirurgia oftalmológica é de baixo custo, fácil aquisição e manuseio, além de ser viável no desenvolvimento de habilidades básicas em microcirurgia.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/education , Egg Shell , Simulation Training/methods , Microsurgery/education , Models, Anatomic , Ophthalmology/education , Chickens , Suture Techniques/education , Eggs
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0059, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407674

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O pterígio é uma das doenças que mais acomete a superfície ocular, principalmente em regiões próximas ao Equador. Ocorre principalmente em adultos jovens, podendo ocasionar sintomas, danos estéticos e ópticos. Relata-se um caso de exérese de pterígio classificado pela extensão corneana em grau II e, pela vascularização, em grau 2 de Tan, com cirurgia prévia de LASIK, a partir de uma nova técnica, a técnica de Moscovici, a qual fundamenta-se na dissecção com bolha de ar, com a finalidade de separar o epitélio conjuntival do estroma profundo e da Tenon, com maior facilidade e rapidez e para obter enxertos finos.


ABSTRACT Pterygium is one of the diseases that most affect the ocular surface, especially in regions close to the equator. It mainly affects young adults and can cause symptoms, as well as aesthetic and optical impairment. We report a case of pterygium excision classified by grade II corneal extension and Tan grade 2 vascularization with previous laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery, using a new technique, the Moscovici technique, which is based on dissection with an air bubble to separate easier and faster the conjunctival epithelium from the deep stroma and the Tenon, obtaining thinner grafts.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Tissue Adhesives , Pterygium/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Transplantation, Autologous , Pterygium/classification , Pterygium/etiology , Visual Acuity , Fibrin Tissue Adhesive/therapeutic use , Conjunctiva/transplantation , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Air , Injections
5.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0048, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1387969

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar um novo tipo de gancho muscular (gancho milimetrado de Felício) e sua eficácia em cirurgias de estrabismo. Métodos: Buscando uma abordagem independente, com a mínima participação do auxiliar, o novo instrumento foi usado em cirurgias de retrocesso e ressecção, para comparar sua eficácia e segurança com a técnica tradicional. Participaram do estudo 14 pacientes divididos em dois grupos. Resultados: O grupo operado por meio da técnica tradicional teve média de idade foi de 14,7 anos, e o grupo que usou o novo gancho teve média de 17 anos. Ambos os grupos obtiveram redução semelhante do estrabismo inicial, sendo, em média, de 87,84% no grupo tradicional e de 93,04% com o novo gancho, porém sem relevância estatística (p=0,274). Conclusão: O gancho milimetrado de Felício mostrou-se opção útil ao cirurgião na realização da cirurgia de estrabismo com redução da importância do auxiliar, de forma segura e reprodutível.


ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate a new type of muscle hook (Felício's millimeter hook) and its effectiveness in strabismus surgeries. Methods: Seeking an independent approach, with minimal assistance from the assistant, the new instrument was used in retrocession and resection surgeries, to compare its efficacy and safety with the traditional technique. Results: 14 patients participated in the study, divided into two groups. The group who underwent surgery with the traditional technique had a mean age of 14.7 years and the group using the new hook, 17 years. Both groups obtained a similar reduction in initial strabismus, with an average of 87.84% in the traditional group and 93.04% with the new hook, but without statistically significant difference (p=0.274). Conclusion: Felicio's millimeter hook proved to be a useful option for the surgeon in performing strabismus surgery with a reduction in the importance of the assistant, in a safe and reproducible way.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Strabismus/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery , Anthropometry , Esotropia/surgery , Prospective Studies
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 127-132, Mar.-Apr. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280102

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Conheça as características demográficas e clínicas da Órbita Associada da Tiroide (OAT), bem como a taxa de exigência da cirurgia orbital em pacientes do Centro Médico Nacional do Oeste. Métodos. Estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo e retrospetivo realizado analisando os registos de pacientes diagnosticados com OAT tratados num centro de cuidados de terceiro nível de janeiro de 2005 a julho de 2016. Os resultados. Um total de 236 órbitas de 118 pacientes foram avaliados, com uma idade média de 47,3 (13,2 anos, 74,6% eram do sexo feminino e 25,4% masculinos. 4,2% dos doentes foram tratados com hipotiroidismo, 94,1% com hipertireoidismo e 1,7% com goiter tóxico difuso. 44,9% dos doentes estudados com restrição de movimento ocular,10,2% com queratopatia de exposição e 51,7% com hipertensão intraocular. 34,7% dos doentes avaliados no serviço necessitaram de descompressão orbital, 16,1% de cirurgia palpebral e 8,5% de correção do hatrabisma. Na gestão conservadora destes doentes, 48,3% exigiam o uso de lubrificantes tópicos dos olhos, enquanto 52,5% dos pacientes necessitavam do uso de hipotensivos oculares em número variável. As conclusões. A OAT foi associada principalmente ao hipertiroidismo, sendo mais comum em pacientes do sexo feminino entre os 40 e os 59 anos; mais de 50% dos pacientes necessitaram do uso de hipotensivos oculares. Da mesma forma, a gestão cirúrgica foi realizada em mais de 50% dos pacientes, sendo a descompressão orbital a intervenção mais frequente.


ABSTRACT Objective. To know the demographic and clinical characteristics of Thyroid Associated Orbitopathy (TAO), as well as the requirement rate of orbital surgery in patients of the Orbit Service in the National Medical Center of the West, IMSS. Methods. Observational, cross-cutting, descriptive and retrospective study carried out analyzing the records of patients diagnosed with TAO and treated at a third-level care center from January 2005 to July 2016. Results. A total of 236 orbits of 118 patients were valued, with an average age of 47.3 ± 13.2 years, 74.6% were female and 25.4% male. 4.2% of patients were treated with hypothyroidism, 94.1% with hyperthyroidism and 1.7% with diffuse toxic goiter. 44.9% of patients studied had eye movement restriction,10.2% exposure keratopathy and 51.7% intraocular hypertension. 34.7% of patients valued in the service required orbital decompression, 16.1% palpebral surgery and 8.5% strabism correction. In the conservative management of these patients 48.3% required the use of topical eye lubricants, while 52.5% required the use of eye hypotensives in variable numbers. Conclusions. TAO was mainly associated with hyperthyroidism, being more common in female patients between the age of 40 and 59; more than 50% of patients required the use of eye hypotensives. Likewise, surgical management was performed in more than 50% of patients, with orbital decompression being the most frequent intervention.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Orbital Diseases/surgery , Orbital Diseases/etiology , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Thyroid Diseases/complications , Exophthalmos/surgery , Exophthalmos/etiology , Orbit/surgery , Exophthalmos/diagnosis , Graves Disease/complications , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Intraocular Pressure
7.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(2): 146-150, Mar.-Apr. 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280111

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We propose a novel surgical technique in cases of aggressive recurrent pterygium non-subsidiary of treatment with conjunctival autografts or antimetabolites. Two presented cases were treated with surgical excision and a sutured plasma rich in growth factors membrane (mPRGF) followed by rich in growth factors (PRGF) eye drops treatment. After surgery, dexamethasone, tobramycin and PRGF eye drops were prescribed for 6 weeks. After a 12-month and 3-year post-surgical follow-up respectively, treated eyes with mPRGF did not present relapse, and visual acuity improved in both cases. No ocular complications, pain, eye discomfort nor other symptoms were observed. The combined use of PRGF eye drops and mPRGF seems an effective and safe therapy for recurrent pterygium.


RESUMO Nós propomos uma nova técnica cirúrgica em casos de pterígio agressivo recorrente não subsidiário de tratamento com autoenxertos conjuntivais ou antimetabólitos. Dois casos foram tratados com excisão cirúrgica e um plasma suturado rico em membrana de fatores de crescimento (mPRGF), seguido de tratamento com colírios ricos em fatores de crescimento (PRGF). Após a cirurgia, foram prescritos colírios de dexametasona, tobramicina e PRGF por 6 semanas. Após 12 meses e 3 anos de acompanhamento pós-cirúrgico respectivamente, os olhos tratados com mPRGF não apresentaram recidiva e a acuidade visual melhorou nos dois casos. Não foram observadas complicações oculares, dor, desconforto ocular ou outros sintomas. O uso combinado de colírios de PRGF e mPRGF parece uma terapia eficaz e segura para o pterígio recorrente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aged , Pterygium/surgery , Platelet-Rich Plasma , Platelet-Rich Fibrin , Ophthalmic Solutions , Recurrence , Reoperation , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Biological Dressings , Fibrin/therapeutic use , Platelet Activation , Tissue Transplantation/methods , Tissue Engineering
8.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(5): e0032, 2021. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1341153

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Apresenta-se uma série de 13 casos de pacientes com estrabismo sensorial de grande ângulo submetidos à técnica cirúrgica de autotransplante da musculatura ocular extrínseca. Foi realizada a técnica de recuo-ressecção dos músculos retos horizontais, e o retalho retirado do músculo ressecado foi suturado ao músculo enfraquecido como expansor autólogo. Foram avaliadas seis exotropias e sete esotropias, com desvios médios de 75 (70-90) dioptrias prismáticas (DP). Houve melhora significativa dos desvios no pós-operatório, sendo a média pós-operatória de 10,07 dioptrias prismáticas (ortotropia a 35DP). Somente um dos casos evoluiu com inversão do desvio após procedimento cirúrgico.


ABSTRACT We report 13 cases of large angle sensory strabismus treated with autologous graft of extraocular muscle. Recession-resection procedure of the horizontal rectus muscles was performed, and the flap from the resected muscle was sutured to the weakened muscle as an autologous expander. Six cases of exotropia and seven of esotropia, with mean prism diopter deviation of 75 (range of 70-90). There was significant improvement in the postoperative deviation, and mean prism diopter of 10.07 (range of no deviation to 35). Only one patient progressed with inverted misalignment after the surgical procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Strabismus/surgery , Oculomotor Muscles/transplantation , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Transplantation, Autologous , Amblyopia , Free Tissue Flaps
9.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 80(4): e0023, 2021. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288635

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O presente trabalho objetivou relatar um caso de tarsal buckling associado a prolapso conjuntival e à inversão de pálpebra superior como complicação da correção cirúrgica de ptose residual. Paciente do sexo feminino, 15 anos, portadora de ptose palpebral residual unilateral em olho direito, secundária à correção parcial da ptose palpebral congênita operada na infância. A segunda abordagem cirúrgica foi realizada com ressecção da aponeurose do músculo levantador da pálpebra superior, que evoluiu com inversão conjuntival da pálpebra superior. A fragilidade estrutural do tarso é a principal hipótese para justificar o tarsal buckling subsequente à cirurgia. Houve resolução completa do tarsal buckling, porém houve também persistência da ptose palpebral. O tarsal buckling é, portanto, uma complicação cirúrgica incomum, que pode ocorrer na correção da ptose palpebral, em que há rotação posterior da metade superior do tarso, fazendo com que este se curve verticalmente sobre seu eixo, favorecendo o prolapso conjuntival. A suspeição diagnóstica e a reabordagem cirúrgica precoce favorecem a resolução da condição e previnem possíveis complicações visuais.


ABSTRACT This paper aimed to report a case of tarsal buckling associated with conjunctival prolapse and upper eyelid inversion as a complication of surgical correction of residual ptosis. A 15-year-old female patient with unilateral residual eyelid ptosis in the right eye, secondary to partial correction of congenital blepharoptosis operated in childhood. The second surgery was performed with resection of the upper eyelid levator muscle aponeurosis, which progressed to conjunctival inversion of the upper eyelid. The structural fragility of the tarsus is the main hypothesis to justify tarsal buckling after surgery. There was complete resolution of tarsal buckling, but persistence of blepharoptosis. Tarsal buckling is an infrequent surgical complication that can occur in correction of blepharoptosis, when there is posterior rotation of the upper half of the tarsus, causing it to curve vertically on its axis and favoring conjunctival prolapse. Establishing diagnosis and early reoperation favor resolution of the condition and avoid possible visual complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Blepharoptosis/surgery , Blepharoptosis/congenital , Eyelid Diseases/etiology , Oculomotor Muscles/surgery
10.
Philippine Journal of Ophthalmology ; : 53-55, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-978890
11.
Cambios rev. méd ; 19(2): 83-88, 2020-12-29. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1179435

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN. La parálisis facial refractaria produce ectropión paralítico secundario, que predispone a la queratopatía por exposición y otras complicaciones oculares, que deben ser manejadas con cirugía. OBJETIVO. Describir el manejo quirúrgico oftalmoló-gico en parálisis facial refractaria mediante tira tarsal y suspensión del pliegue nasolabial. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio observacional, retrospectivo. Población y muestra conocida de 8 Historias Clínicas, en el Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín, período enero 2016 a diciembre 2018. Criterios de inclusión: registros de parálisis facial y ectropión paralítico. Los datos fueron tomados del sistema AS400, y se analizaron en el programa estadístico International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Versión 25.0. RESULTADOS. La etiología tumoral fue 62,5% (5; 8), A los 6 me-ses postquirúrgicos se observó resolución de: lagoftalmos, lagrimeo, ardor ocular y quera-titis en el 87,5% (7; 8); el ectropión se resolvió en todos los casos y se obtuvo una mejoría en la ptosis. La agudeza visual mejoró en el 75,0% (6; 8). DISCUSIÓN: La literatura evi-denció que las técnicas quirúrgicas si bien no abordan el aspecto oftalmológico y estético a la vez, aún es incierto su manejo de manera conjunta dado que ha sido poco descrita pero ha adquirido importancia por los resultados en la Unidad de Oftalmología del hospital.CONCLUSIÓN. La descripción del manejo quirúrgico oftalmológico en parálisis facial re-fractaria mediante la técnica de tira tarsal y suspensión del pliegue nasolabial fue asertiva como experiencia local.


INTRODUCTION. Refractory facial paralysis produces secondary paralytic ectropion, which predisposes to exposure keratopathy and other ocular complications, which must be managed with surgery. OBJECTIVE. Describe the ophthalmic surgical management of refractory facial paralysis using tarsal strip and suspension of the nasolabial fold. MATE-RIALS AND METHODS. Observational, retrospective study. Population and known sam-ple of 8 Clinical Histories, at the Carlos Andrade Marín Specialty Hospital, period from january 2016 to december 2018. Inclusion criteria: records of facial paralysis and paralytic ectropion. The data were taken from the AS400 system, and analyzed in the statistical pro-gram International Business Machines Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, Version 25.0. RESULTS. The tumor aetiology was 62,5% (5; 8). At 6 months after surgery, resolu-tion of: lagophthalmos, lacrimation, ocular burning and keratitis was observed in 87,5% (7; 8); ectropion resolved in all cases and ptosis improved. Visual acuity improved in 75,0% (6; 8). DISCUSSION: The literature showed that the surgical techniques, although they do not address the ophthalmological and aesthetic aspects at the same time, their joint mana-gement is still uncertain since it has been little described but has acquired importance due to the results in the Ophthalmology Unit of the hospital. CONCLUSION. The description of ophthalmic surgical management in refractory facial paralysis using the tarsal strip techni-que and suspension of the nasolabial fold was assertive as a local experience.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Blepharoptosis , Ectropion , Facial Nerve , Facial Paralysis , Nasolabial Fold , Keratitis , Ophthalmology , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Visual Acuity
12.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 79(6): 363-365, nov.-dez. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156165

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivo: Desenvolver um modelo treinamento utilizando tomates para aquisição de habilidades microcirúrgicas oftalmológicas. Métodos: Duas espécies de tomates (Tomate longa vida e cereja) foram utilizados, sendo utilizados tomates verdolengos e maduros. Delimitou-se com marcador permanente um círculo de raio de 0,5cm. Sob magnificação de um sistema de vídeo, foi realizado a separação da casca, tentando evitar lesionar a fruta. Após a dissecção, foi realizado a rafia da região removida com fio de mononáilon 10-0. Resultados: Os modelos utilizados mostraram-se viáveis para a realização do treinamento de dissecção microcirúrgica independente da espécie. O custo médio de cada simulador foi de menos de R$2,00. O tempo médio de dissecção foi de 10,40 ±1,84 minutos no tomate maduro e 15,20 ±2,25 minutos no verdolengos. Apenas nos tomates verdolengos foi possível realizar a rafia. Conclusão: O modelo de treinamento desenvolvido mostrou-se adequado para o treinamento inicial de várias habilidades oftalmológicas. Além disso, apresenta um baixo custo e fácil aquisição e confecção.


Abstract Objectives: Develop a training model using tomatoes to acquire ophthalmic microsurgical skills. Methods: Two species of immature and mature tomatoes (long life and cherry tomato) were used. A 0.5cm radius circle was delimited with a permanent marker. Under a magnification by a video system, the peel was separated, trying to avoid damaging the fruit. After dissection, it was performed the raffia of the peel with 10-0 mononylon thread. Results: The models used proved to be viable for training in microsurgical dissection, regardless of the species. The average cost of each simulator was less than U$ 1.00. The average dissection time was 10.40 ± 1.84 minutes for ripe tomatoes and 15.20 ± 2.25 minutes for greens. Only in immature tomatoes was it possible to make the raffia. Conclusion: The training model developed proved to be suitable for the initial training of many ophthalmic skills. In addition, it has a low cost and is easy to purchase and manufacture.


Subject(s)
Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Sutures , Solanum lycopersicum , Dissection , Simulation Training , Microsurgery , Cross-Sectional Studies
13.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 83(3): 180-184, May-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1131592

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To report the outcomes of bupivacaine injection for the treatment of comitant horizontal strabismus and evaluate clinical effectiveness and associated radiological changes. Methods: This prospective observational clinical study was conducted on 10 patients with comitant horizontal strabismus of up to 40 prism diopters. Ophthalmologic examinations and three-dimensional orbital magnetic resonance imaging were performed pre and post-injection (at first, third, and 12th months). A 4.5 ml of 0.5% bupivacaine was injected into the extraocular muscle under topical anesthesia using an electromyography in all patients. Results: The mean follow-up time at post bupivacaine injection and mean deviation at primary position were was 17 ± 2 months and 21.3 prism diopters, respectively. The mean changes in ocular alignment, enlargement of the cross-sectional area in the injected muscle, and volumetric enlargement were 7.7 PD, 12%, and 17% at the first year post-injection, respectively. No severe or persistent complication was observed. Ptosis and mydriasis were noted post-injection due to the anesthetic effects of bupivacaine but disappeared within 2 h post-injection. Conclusions: Bupivacaine injection improved eye alignment in small-angle horizontal comitant strabismus, effectively diagnosed with orbital magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate volumetric changes of the extraocular muscles. Further clinical studies with larger numbers of patients should be performed to define optimal dosages, concentration, and application method and dose-response relationship.


RESUMO Objetivo: Relatar resultados da injeção de bupivacaína para o tratamento do estrabismo comitante horizontal e avaliar sua eficácia clínica e as alterações radiológicas associadas. Métodos: Este estudo clínico observacional prospectivo foi realizado em 10 pacientes com estrabismo comitante horizontal de até 40 dioptrias de prisma. Exames oftalmológicos e ressonância magnética orbital tridimensional foram realizados pré e pós-injeção (no primeiro, terceiro e 12º mês). A 4,5 mL de bupivacaína a 0,5% foi injetado no músculo extraocular sob anestesia tópica usando eletromiografia em todos os pacientes. Resultados: O tempo médio de acompanhamento pós-injeção de bupivacaína e o desvio médio na posição primária foram de 17 ± 2 meses e 21,3 dioptrias de prisma, respectivamente. As alterações médias no alinhamento ocular, aumento da área da secção transversal no músculo injetado e aumento volumátrico foram de 7,7 PD, 12% e 17% no primeiro ano pós-injeção, respectivamente. Nenhuma complicação grave ou persistente foi observada. Ptose e midríase foram observadas após a injeção devido ao efeito anestésico da bupivacaína, mas desapareceram dentro de duas horas após a injeção. Conclusões: A injeção de bupivacaína melhorou o alinhamento dos olhos no estrabismo comitante horizontal de pequeno ângulo, efetivamente diagnosticado com ressonância magnética orbital para avaliar as alterações volumétricas dos músculos extraoculares. Outros estudos clínicos, com maior número de pacientes devem ser realizados para definir dosagens, concentração, método de aplicação e a relação dose-resposta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bupivacaine , Strabismus , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Radiography , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Oculomotor Muscles
14.
Rev. medica electron ; 42(3): [7], mayo.-jun. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1341953

ABSTRACT

El doctor Juan Santos Fernández Hernández, una de las más prominentes figuras médicas de Cuba, destacado en la medicina y cirugía oftalmológica, realizó, por primera vez en la Isla, complejas operaciones oftálmicas. Fue autor de un gran número de artículos e informes científicos y es considerado uno de los más prolíficos autores cubanos del siglo XIX. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir mediante una síntesis biográfica los principales logros del Dr. Juan Santos Fernández Hernández. El nombre de este galeno aparece entre las personalidades médicas cubanas más distinguidas de todos los tiempos por su saber y su civismo, por su abnegación y perseverancia, por su valiosa contribución al progreso de la ciencia y la cultura nacional (AU).


Doctor Juan Santos Fernandez Hernandez is one of the most prominent medical figures in Cuba, outstanding in ophthalmological medicine and surgery. He made, for the first time on the Island, complex ophthalmic operations. He was the author of a large number of articles and scientific reports and is considered one of the most prolific Cuban authors of the nineteenth century. The objective of this work is to describe through a biographical synthesis, the main achievements of Dr. Juan Santos Fernandez Hernandez. The name of this doctor appears among the most distinguished Cuban medical personalities of all times due to his knowledge and his civics, for his dedication and perseverance, for his valuable contribution to the progress of national science and culture (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Ophthalmology/history , Research Personnel/history , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/history , Ophthalmologists/history , History of Medicine , Biographies as Topic
15.
Rev. medica electron ; 42(3): [16], mayo.-jun. 2020.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1341954

ABSTRACT

Se narran los sucesos históricos más relevantes de la práctica de la especialidad de Oftalmología en la provincia de Matanzas y los relacionados con la formación de profesionales a partir de la década del 70 del siglo XX. Al utilizar el método de la narración histórica, se propició la reflexión sobre los propios acontecimientos y su relación con el contexto socio-económico al momento en que estos se produjeron; destacándolos como los antecedes y factores favorecedores del desarrollo de la Oftalmología en Matanzas. Este trabajo se realizó no sólo para narrar de manera cronológica la historia desde los inicios y creciente práctica local de la especialidad, sino también, como a manera de testimonio para las actuales y futuras generaciones, de cómo tributaron los profesionales, las instituciones y los propios eventos, al avance científico y al impacto social de la especialidad en Matanzas. Se concluye, que el comienzo del esplendor de la práctica de la Oftalmología en la provincia de Matanzas, se enmarca a la década del 70 del siglo pasado; y a los inicios del siglo XXI al de mayor desarrollo acumulado. Todo este salto de calidad en el tiempo y en el espacio, ha sido posible, gracias a las políticas de salud y educacionales implementadas por el Ministerio de Salud Pública del país (AU).


The authors recount the most relevant historical facts of the Ophthalmology practice in the province of Matanzas and those related to professionals´ training from the seventies of the XX century. Using the method of historical recount helped the reflection on the proper facts and their relation to the socio-economic context at the moment they took place, highlighting them as antecedents and factor favoring the development of Ophthalmology in Matanzas. The current paper was written not only to recount in a chronological way the history from the beginning and growing local practice of the specialty, but also as a testimony for the current and future generations to know how the professionals, institutions and events contributed to the scientific advance and to the social impact of the specialty in Matanzas. It is concluded that the beginning of the splendor of Ophthalmology practice in the province of Matanzas falls within the decade of the seventies of the past century, and the beginning of the XXI century is the time of the bigger accumulated development. All this quality jump in the time and space has been possible thanks to health and educational politics implemented by the Ministry og Public Health of the country (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Ophthalmology/history , Professional Practice , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/history , Surgical Instruments/history , Ophthalmologists/history , History of Medicine , History, 20th Century , Professional Training , Faculty/history
16.
Medisan ; 24(1)ene.-feb. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1091160

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La catarata constituye una de las principales causas de ceguera a escala mundial. Es más frecuente en los ancianos y el tratamiento de elección es el quirúrgico. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de la analgesia acupuntural en pacientes operados de catarata. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de intervención terapéutica en 136 pacientes mayores de 40 años con diagnóstico de catarata, operados en el Servicio de Oftalmología del Hospital General Docente Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso de Santiago de Cuba en el período 2016-2018. La muestra se dividió aleatoriamente en 2 grupos (de estudio y de control), con 68 integrantes cada uno. Resultados: Predominaron los pacientes de 70 años y más y del sexo femenino. Las variables hemodinámicas no sufrieron modificaciones significativas con el proceder terapéutico. Conclusiones: La analgesia quirúrgica acupuntural fue más efectiva que la convencional, pues se logró una sedación mayor en casi la totalidad de los pacientes durante la operación, así como mayor permanencia de su efecto durante el período posoperatorio; asimismo, hubo menor número de afectados con edema y hemorragia.


Introduction: The cataract constitutes one of the main causes of blindness worldwide. It is more frequent in the elderly and the election treatment is the surgical one. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the acupunctural analgesia in patients operated for cataract. Methods: A study of therapeutic intervention was carried out in 136 patients older than 40 years with diagnosis of cataract, operated in the Ophthalmology Service of Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso Teaching General Hospital in Santiago de Cuba in the period 2016-2018. The sample was divided at random in 2 groups (study and control), with 68 members each one. Results: The 70 years and over patients of the female sex prevailed. The hemodynamic variables didn't suffer significant modifications with the therapeutical procedure. Conclusions: The acupunctural surgical analgesia was more effective than the conventional one, because a higher sedation was achieved in almost all the patients during the operation, as well as higher permanency of its effect during the postoperatory period; also, there was smaller number of patients affected with edema and hemorrhages.


Subject(s)
Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Cataract , Acupuncture Analgesia , Anesthesia
17.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 83(1): 33-38, Jan.-Feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088945

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purposes: To identify problems caused by prosthesis-socket volume imbalances in anophthalmic sockets; and to evaluate rehabilitation with dermofat graft as a solution. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients operated in our clinic (between May 2011 and June 2016) with dermofat grafts to treat anophthalmic socket-related problems. During the preoperative examinations, ophthalmologists recorded the presence of eyelid problems due to the socket volume deficit, upper and lower fornix deficiency, deepening in the upper eyelid sulcus, epiphora and secretion, lower eyelid laxity, ptosis, entropion, and ectropion. Following the surgical repair, new prosthesis suitable for the resulting socket area were implemented for all the patients. The mean follow-up period was 27.42±16 months (ranging from 10-62 months). On the last control examinations, ophthalmologists recorded solved and unsolved socket problems that were present preoperatively. Results: We included 16 men and 5 women in this study. The mean age was 38.3 ± 18.4 years (range, 5-75 years). The mean duration of preoperative prosthesis use was 9.4 ± 6.8 years (range, 1-30 years). Preoperatively, 7 patients had only orbital volume deficits, and 14 had socket volume displacements in addition to the volume deficits. After the dermofat graft implantations, the remaining deficits were corrected during another surgical session: 6 patients underwent ptosis corrections, 5 lateral canthal suspensions, 5 lower fornix with mucosal graft formations, and 2 upper fornix formations with mucosal grafts. All patients were able to use prosthesis postoperatively. Conclusion: The use of dermofat grafts to correct anophthalmic socket problems caused by orbital volume deficits or volume displacements is an effective, reliable, and reproducible surgical method.


RESUMO Objetivos: Identificar os problemas causados pelo desequilíbrio do volume da cavidade da prótese em cavidades anoftálmicas, e avaliar a reabilitação com enxerto de dermofato como solução. Métodos: Revisamos retrospectivamente os prontuários de pacientes operados em nossa clínica (entre maio de 2011 e junho de 2016) com enxertos de dermofato para tratar problemas relacionados a cavidades anoftálmicas. Durante os exames pré-operatórios, os oftalmologistas registraram a presença de problemas palpebrais devido ao déficit de volume, deficiência de fórnice superior e inferior, aprofundamento no sulco palpebral superior, a epífora e secreção, flacidez palpebral inferior, ptose, entrópio e ectrópio. Após a cirurgia, novas próteses adequadas para a área de encaixe foram implementadas em todos os pacientes. O tempo médio de acompanhamento foi de 27,42 ± 16 meses (variando de 10 a 62 meses). Nos últimos exames de controle, os oftalmologistas registraram problemas corrigidos e não corrigidos da cavidade que estavam presentes no pré-operatório. Resultados: Foram incluídos 16 homens e 5 mulheres neste estudo. A média de idade foi de 38,3 ± 18,4 anos (variação de 5-75 anos). A duração média do uso de prótese pré-operatória foi de 9,4 ± 6,8 anos (variação de 1 a 30 anos). No pré-operatório, 7 pacientes apresentavam apenas déficit orbitais e 14 tinham desvios de volume, além dos déficits de volume. Após os implantes de enxerto de dermoadipação, os déficits remanescentes foram corrigidos durante outra sessão cirúrgica: 6 pacientes foram submetidos a correção de ptose, 5 suspensões de cantal lateral, 5 fórnix inferior com enxerto de mucosa e 2 formações de fórnice superior com enxerto de mucosa. Todos os pacientes foram capazes de usar prótese no pós-operatório. Conclusão: A utilização de enxertos de dermofato para corrigir problemas de anoftalmia causados por déficits de volume orbital ou deslocamento de volume é um método cirúrgico eficaz, confiável e reprodutível.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Orbit/surgery , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Anophthalmos/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/adverse effects , Orbital Implants/adverse effects , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Retrospective Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Eyelids/surgery
18.
Chinese Journal of Medical Instrumentation ; (6): 13-19, 2020.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-942688

ABSTRACT

In robot-assisted eye surgery, such as retinal vascular bypass surgery, precise positioning of operating points is required. In this study, a binocular vision-based 3D reconstruction method is proposed to locate the incision points on retinal vessels. Vessels in the image were extracted by CLAHE algorithm to remove the influence of background, then stereo matching was performed. Finally, the retinal vessel image was reconstructed by using the principle of parallax in binocular vision. Experimental results show that this method can accurately locate the incision points on retinal vessels and meet the requirements of ophthalmic surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Retinal Vessels/diagnostic imaging , Robotic Surgical Procedures , Vision, Binocular
19.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 41: e20190111, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1093863

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Aim: Analysis of the use of ophthalmic instruments during surgical procedures in order to propose a material management method. Method: Mixed method study, sequential exploratory design, performed from January to June 2015, at a university hospital in southern Brazil. First, a qualitative approach was held from brainstorming and field observation. Themes were grouped into thematic categories. By connection, the quantitative stage happened through matrix arrangement and linear programming, culminating in the instrument management proposal. Results: Given categories - instruments reorganization according to the time of the surgical procedure and the need surgical instruments for in each procedure - guided the definition of existing restrictions and application of mathematical models. There was an average reduction of 13.10% in the number of surgical instruments per tray and an increase of 17.88% in surgical production. Final considerations: This proposal allowed the rationalization and optimization of ophthalmic instruments, favoring sustainability of the organization.


RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el uso de instrumentos oftalmológicos durante los procedimientos quirúrgicos y proponer un método de gestión de materiales. Método: Estudio de método mixto, exploratorio secuencial, realizado entre enero y junio de 2015, en un hospital universitario en el sur de Brasil. Primero, se realizó un enfoque cualitativo a partir de la reflexión y la observación de campo. Los temas se agruparon en categorías temáticas. Por conexión, la etapa cuantitativa ocurrió por arreglos de matrices y programación linear, culminando con la propuesta de gestión de instrumentales. Resultados: Las categorías - reorganización del instrumental conforme tiempo del procedimiento quirúrgico y necesidad de piezas para cada procedimiento - orientaron la definición de las restricciones existentes y aplicación de los modelos matemáticos. Verificó una reducción media del 13,10% en el número de piezas por bandejas y aumento del 17,88% de la producción quirúrgica. Consideraciones finales: Esta propuesta permitió la racionalización y optimización de instrumentos oftalmológicos, favoreciendo la sostenibilidad de la organización.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o uso de instrumentais oftalmológicos durante os procedimentos cirúrgicos e propor um método de gerenciamento de materiais. Método: Estudo de método misto, exploratório sequencial, realizado entre janeiro e junho de 2015, em hospital universitário no sul do Brasil. Primeiramente, fez-se uma abordagem qualitativa a partir de brainstorming e observação de campo. Os temas foram agrupados em categorias temáticas. Por conexão, a etapa quantitativa aconteceu por arranjos de matrizes e programação linear, culminando à proposta de gerenciamento de instrumentais. Resultados: As categorias - reorganização do instrumental conforme tempo do procedimento cirúrgico e necessidade de peças para cada procedimento - orientaram a definição das restrições existentes e aplicação dos modelos matemáticos. Verificou-se uma redução média de 13,10% no número de peças por bandejas e aumento de 17,88% da produção cirúrgica. Considerações finais: Esta proposta permitiu a racionalização e otimização de instrumentais oftalmológicos, favorecendo a sustentabilidade da organização.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Surgical Instruments/standards , Time Factors , Sterilization , Qualitative Research , Materials Management, Hospital/methods
20.
Acta Medica Philippina ; : 567-576, 2020.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-877353

ABSTRACT

Objectives@#Refractive changes have been studied after muscle surgery in literature but most results are inconsistent. It has been postulated that changes in corneal tension after muscle surgery may cause a change in corneal curvature resulting in the change in refraction postoperatively. This study investigated changes in corneal topography and clinical refraction after horizontal rectus muscle surgery.@*Methods@#Twenty-one eyes of 13 patients underwent horizontal rectus muscle surgery via limbal approach. Manifest refraction, cycloplegic refraction, and corneal topography were measured preoperatively, and postoperatively at day 1 and weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8. The proportion of subjects with at least 0.5 D change from preoperative measurements and the proportion of subjects that needed new prescription postoperative were also computed. Analysis of the results were done using the Friedman test to identify significant differences among measurements at different time periods with post-hoc analysis utilized to identify specific time periods with significant changes from preoperative measurements.@*Results@#Mean corneal keratometry, horizontal, vertical, and oblique astigmatism, obtained topographically showed no significant difference from preoperative measurements. The statistically significant difference in corneal astigmatism in the recession group at day 1, week 4 and week 8 postoperatively was not confirmed when converted to power vectors in both vertical/horizontal (J0) and oblique (J45) astigmatism. Clinical refraction showed a transient myopic shift in spherical equivalent, statistically significant only on postoperative day 1 in the recession group. There was no statistically significant difference in clinical astigmatism. There was ≥ 0.5 D change in spherical equivalent in 60% in both study groups by the end of follow-up. The shift in J0 was more than 10% in the recession group. More than fifty percent (52.4%) needed new prescription for glasses.@*Conclusion@#No statistically significant change in corneal topography and clinical refraction following horizontal rectus muscle surgery were found. Patients should still be refracted at least 2 weeks postoperatively to check if there is a need for change in prescription glasses to improve alignment and/or improve vision.


Subject(s)
Astigmatism , Oculomotor Muscles , Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures , Vision Tests , Strabismus
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